First, what is the pump, the use of pumps
(A) what is the pump
Pumps are used to convey liquids and liquids pressurized machinery, usually lifting the liquid, conveying liquids or liquids to increase the pressure, that is, the input of the prime mover of the mechanical energy is converted to liquid energy of the machine known as the pump. Humans in the struggle with nature to create the most primitive water tools, such as waterwheels, windlasses, etc., these are the prototype of the pump. With the development of production and the understanding and mastery of the laws of nature, these primitive water tools gradually developed into modern pumps.
(B) the use of water pumps
Previously, the pump was only used to transport water at room temperature, so the pump is often referred to as a water pump. However, now this concept is not very accurate. In addition to the pump can convey a variety of room temperature liquids, but also can be transported at a temperature of up to 400 ~ 600 ℃ of the liquid and liquid metal; can also be transported at a temperature of 200 ℃ left there is liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen and other low-temperature liquids; and even can be transported with solid particles of liquids, such as coal, ores, fish, beets and so on. Now the pump as a general-purpose machinery, in all areas of the national economy have been widely used, for example, agricultural irrigation and drainage, urban water supply and drainage need pumps. In the various sectors of the T industry, the pump is indispensable equipment. Such as in the power industry needs boiler feed pumps, forced circulation pumps, circulating water pumps, condensate pumps, ash pumps, water pumps, fuel pumps, etc.; in the mining industry needs mine drainage pumps, water and sand filling pumps, water mining pumps, coal water pumps, etc.; in the petroleum industry needs slurry pumps, injection pumps, deep-well oil pumps, oil pumps, oil refining corn, etc.; in the chemical industry needs corrosion-resistant pumps, proportional pumps, dosing pumps, etc.; in the Transportation industry needs fuel pumps, injection pumps, lubricant pumps, hydraulic pumps and so on.
In chemical production, a large number of raw materials, semi-finished products are liquid. According to the variety of view, the liquid is more diverse, such as water, petroleum products, organic solutions and a variety of acids, alkalis, salt solutions and so on. In order to ensure the normal and continuous chemical production process, we must use the pump to transport these liquid materials from one place along the pipeline to another place or from low pressure to high pressure. The normal operation of the pump is to ensure the normal operation of chemical production is the key, if the pump fails, it will affect the production, and even make the production stop. If the pipeline is compared to the blood vessels of the human body, then the pump is the heart of the human body. So the pump is an important general-purpose machine, plays an important role in production.
Second, the classification of the pump
In the petroleum and chemical industries, the number of liquids to be transported, nature, pressure, etc. vary, in order to adapt to the requirements of these different situations, the design and manufacture of a variety of pumps, pumps also get a different classification methods.
(A) according to the working principle of classification
1. Vane pump.
This is a kind of rely on the pump high-speed rotation of the impeller to transfer energy to the liquid, liquid transportation machinery. Belonging to this type of pump are various forms of centrifugal pumps, mixed flow pumps, axial flow pumps and vortex pumps.
(1) centrifugal pump. (than the number of revolutions = 30 to 300) liquid along the axial direction into the impeller, and perpendicular to the radial direction of the shaft from the impeller out, the pressure generated by this pump is mainly due to centrifugal force.
